independent thinkers

The Climb of Education (or life).

A young mother recently said to me after dropping her oldest son off at Kindergarten, “I stayed and waited for the bell to ring to see if he’d’ get in line. Then I went to look at him through the classroom door. He hung up his backpack and seemed just fine.” Many parents are sending their children off to school at this time of year. Whether it’s preschool, elementary, middle, high school, or even college each parent hopes their children will do well, be happy, and succeed.

Many different types of parents have passed through my classroom over the years. As a secondary school teacher I often have wanted (but have refrained) to say to the more concerned parents “It’s OK. Give your child some space to make his/her own decisions. Allow your child more independence. Allow your child to self-advocate. Everything will be OK.”

Recently, an experience with a couple of my children and a friend became an analogy to me of this universal life-experience of needing to “let go” and allow our children the freedom to discover and act independently.

We visited the tallest outdoor climbing wall in the world. It towered ominously up into the sky and our three climbers approached it each uniquely. The youngest raced ahead, unaware of the dangers. The older girls went with trepidation and even fear. However, they all faced the tower.  Each climber worked with a “belayer”, the team member who is responsible for maintaining tension in the rope to ensure that the climber doesn’t fall far in the event he/she slips. Additionally, there was a climbing coach giving tips and advice and suggestions for alternate routes when a climber became stuck.

Our youngest, taking the easiest pathway, scampered to the top of the tower with no problem. When challenged with more difficult climbing routes, he slowed down, required some guidance, and learned some new techniques that would help him on later climbs. The older two, gripped by fear during initial climbs took a bit longer and required more coaxing to get to the top, however, they gained confidence and skills that allowed them to ascend at a faster rate later in the day.

Triumphant climbers!

Triumphant climbers!

They strengthened muscles. They developed skills. They enjoyed the climb. They thrilled in arriving at the top. But even once at the top, they weren’t “done” - there are more challenging routes to try, more ways to develop oneself.

The students are the climbers. They must decide the route and perform the climb. In secondary school, students should make decisions about how to study, when to study, and eventually in high school what classes interest them and in college what major to choose and what career to pursue. Teachers are the climbing coaches. They facilitate learning and give tips and advice to help students find the best path to acquiring the understandings they need to progress in their education. And parents, along with the teachers, are the belayers. It is their responsibility to be there, in the background, ready to advise and offer help when it is needed. Both teachers and parents need to allow students to choose the more challenging routes so that they can learn the most.

Sometimes, however, parents think they must make the climb with their child or perform the climb for the child. And, in so thinking, become too involved, preventing the child the opportunity to grow and become strong in good decision making. A belayer who “hoists” the climber to the top is not allowing the climber to gain necessary decision making, troubleshooting, and muscle building skills to master more difficult climbs. A parent who becomes over involved with his/her child also prevents that child from gaining important communication skills and the ability to self-advocate (how many adults do you know who are afraid to ask for a much deserved pay raise). They also inhibit the child’s opportunities to learn how to make good decisions regarding study habits, balancing pleasure and work, and enacting good behaviours in school. 

It is OK for students to “slip” or make mistakes. It is during these moments that lessons are learned and the ability to make better decisions in the future is increased. As both teacher and parent, I speak to all parents: Keep that belaying rope in your hand but keep it loose. Allow your children to learn and grow by giving them more independence. They will find their route, they will find their passion, and they will thrill in reaching the top on their own.

Smiles come with Self-attained Success

Smiles come with Self-attained Success

Letting Go: Allowing Students to be Independent

The illusive photosynthesis experiment.  This student has a good start but has a lot to figure out. 

“I want to do something with plants”

My heart sinks.

“How about the effect of acid on plant growth?”

Cringe.

“How does light intensity affect photosynthesis?”

Heavy Sigh.

What do these ideas for internal assessment ideas mean to me?  Often, failed experiments.

For whatever reason, students think setting up a plant experiment will be easy. They never factor in the time it takes to determine the best conditions to grow their plant or sprout the seeds. It often results in a neglected, unwatered project of withered specimens.

It's always a temptation to check: maybe this one will work. 

And I know this.  So why don’t I just say, “no plants”?  That approach would be notably simpler and it would spare me the pain of watching those pathetic seedlings atrophy and die at the back of my classroom.  However, it is my firm belief that students, especially 16-18 year old IB students should have their own choice. The choice fosters ownership in their work. And if they really want to do it, then they deserve a chance to try, right? So, after bequeathing warnings about how difficult plant experiments really are and that statistically there have been few true successes come from them, I allow my students to proceed. For some reason, they always think their situation will be different.

Though I noticed the deteriorated state days ago, a student came to me today and showed me his shrivelled seedlings as though they’d “just perished”.  He was running a pretrial to determine whether he would best conduct his experiment in cotton or soil and approached me with the observation, “ I think soil worked better than the cotton”.  He looked down at me with his big brown childish eyes hoping for confirmation and I’m thinking, “Seriously?  They’re ALL DEAD!”  but I just smile and ask him how many of the 5 seeds in each cup actually sprouted to which he responds, “One”.  “So what does that tell you?” Silence.  Thinking.  Wheels turning.   “That I need to plant ten in each cup?”

Exasperation is threatening to settle in but I patiently continue, “Well, that might be a choice you make, however, what is the actual observation?”  More silence.  Thinking.  Wheels turning. “Um, that not all the seeds sprouted?”  He receives the advice to consider these observations as he proceeds.  Of course I know he’s baffled in attempting to incorporate this information into subsequent planning.  He returns the blighted seedlings to the fluorescent lamps though I’m not sure why.  They should be tossed in the rubbish bin.

Then there's the photosynthesis experiment that's been sitting in my lab area for five days.  It's obvious to me that the set-up isn't optimized, however, the student keeps returning hoping to see a measurable amount of oxygen.  At what point will she realize that no more oxygen will appear in the tube?  Tomorrow I will tell her it's time to reconsider her design.

So, in the end, the students who were counting on an easy experiment with their plant idea often give up after the first attempted failure.  Others persist repeating over and over again until they get it to work.  They always spend so much more time than the students who design an experiment in which data can be collected within a day.

Regardless of the design choice, it’s the most difficult thing to resist telling them what to do. The path of “no choice” is decidedly more manageable!  But that would deny my students the purpose of this journey. 

Students work their way through the scientific process. They deal with frustration, glitches, and failed attempts but in the end, they all end up with two reasonably controlled experiments that they have designed and carried out. And they are always proud of their work.

To all of us out there struggling to let go of the control, just do it!  The students will be rewarded with a worthwhile journey that leaves them feeling accomplished and you will be profoundly happy for them.

Getting Students to Stand Alone

Recently I was with a group of students and a couple of chaperones.  One of the colleagues is a photographer so he challenged the students to slow down their walking pace, take in the sights, and find something worthy of photographing.  He told the students that we, the chaperones, would judge their photographs at lunch.

“What should we photograph?” came the obvious question, especially from younger students.  “Anything you like – anything you find interesting and find worthy of sharing”.  Armed with ipods, iphones, and cameras, the students combed the city for interesting sites.  However, the comment of one student stuck with me.

“You know how to succeed at something like this?” 

“How?”

“You look at what everyone else is photographing and then you take pictures of that also”

Suppressing an urge to shout out "No, no, no!", I attempted to instill into this young person the idea that in finding something unique that speaks to one self and perhaps not others is a great journey.  That, in the moment you exit your comfort zone and search deep within yourself to discover what speaks to you, you find something beautiful and perhaps amazing. 

Isn’t it true of educational pursuits as well?  The student willing to stand alone in an idea matures above the rest.  The student willing to acknowledge weakness learns the most.  The student willing to try something new discovers hidden strengths, talents, or creativity. 

Despite my efforts to celebrate any attempt by a student to take a risk, to dare something new, to challenge an idea, to share contradictory thoughts, students continue to be hesitant to wander out into unknown territories.  They are afraid to fail notwithstanding my endeavor to foster a safe environment where all answers and suggestions have value and are considered seriously. 

Unswayed by peer pressure.

For example, today I thrilled when a MS student refused to back down on his answer in formative assessment despite the fact that the entire class opposed him. His arguments, of course, were completely valid, and, in the end he persuaded the rest of the group to a higher level of understanding.  He felt great.  Everyone gained.  However, in the next round of questioning students still remained hesitant to come up with a unique answer and hoped to have “the ultimate right answer”.

So, how do we get our students to become independent thinkers?  How do we shed them of the focus of “being right” or finding the answer they think we want them to produce?  Sure, they need to learn the products of photosynthesis but when it comes to analyzing the ethics of stem cell research or determining whether a doctor has the right to use someone’s cells for research or entrepreneurship without patient consent, I want my students to form their own opinions.   I want them to decide for themselves whether genetic engineering is something they want to support or not.  I want them to know for themselves whether they advocate for genetic report cards that employers have access to when hiring employees or not. 

My best attempt at this is to enable access to both sides of any given debate and foster student discussion on the subject, always prefacing that there is no “right” or “wrong” answer and that they need to come to their own understanding and level of comfort with the ideas.  When probed as to my stand, I withhold comment until all votes are in.  Discussions have been fascinating but they remain isolated pockets of independent thinking rather than a constant state.

How do we surpass the isolated incidents of autonomous thought?  I’m open to any ideas!